# The relationship between periodontitis and proteinuria in chronic kidney disease: A review

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how periodontitis and proteinuria may be linked, potentially worsening chronic kidney disease through shared inflammatory mechanisms.

## Contribution

This is the first review to explore the correlation between periodontitis and proteinuria, highlighting their mutual impact on kidney injury.

## Key findings

- Periodontitis may increase proteinuria risk via glomerular and tubular injury from pathogens and inflammation.
- Proteinuria could worsen periodontitis by affecting systemic inflammation and bone metabolism.
- The bidirectional relationship suggests shared pathways in chronic kidney injury progression.

## Abstract

Proteinuria is elevated protein in the urine possibly progressing to glomerular sclerosis, which was frequently observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, preeclampsia, etc. Previous studies have revealed that periodontitis and these diseases share common risk factors, so a study is necessary to discuss the potential relationship between periodontitis and proteinuria. For the moment, there are no reports that are concerned about the correlation between periodontitis and proteinuria.

We searched PubMed for studies associated with periodontitis and proteinuria published before March 2025.

Existing evidence showed that periodontitis might increase the risk of proteinuria, as periodontal pathogens and periodontal inflammatory reactions were proven to injure the glomerulus and renal tubules contributing to the progression of proteinuria. On the other way, proteinuria might affect systemic inflammation and bone metabolism to increase the risk of periodontitis.

This article reviews the relationship between periodontitis and proteinuria, reveals their predicTable potential for chronic kidney injury, and makes recommendations for the treatment of periodontitis and proteinuria.

Key words:Proteinuria, albuminuria, periodontitis, inflammation, renal disease.