# Editorial: The immunological effects of respiratory viruses during pregnancy and breastfeeding

**Authors:** Stella Liong, K. H. Christopher Choy, Stavros Selemidis, Bahaa Abu-Raya, Domenico Umberto De Rose

PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1715204 · 2025-10-17

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** CSF3 (colony stimulating factor 3) [NCBI Gene 1440] {aka C17orf33, CSF3OS, GCSF}, IL1RN (interleukin 1 receptor antagonist) [NCBI Gene 3557] {aka CRMO2, DIRA, ICIL-1RA, IL-1RN, IL-1ra, IL-1ra3}, IFNG (interferon gamma) [NCBI Gene 3458] {aka IFG, IFI, IMD69}, CCL11 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 11) [NCBI Gene 6356] {aka SCYA11}
- **Diseases:** respiratory infections (MESH:D012141), atelectasis (MESH:D001261), autism spectrum disorder (MESH:D000067877), influenza (MESH:D007251), Viral Infection (MESH:D014777), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MESH:D018352), pregnancy complications (MESH:D011248), neuropsychiatric disorders (MESH:D001523), infected (MESH:D007239), COVID-19 (MESH:D000086382), cough (MESH:D003371), rubella (MESH:D012409), schizophrenia (MESH:D012559), neuroinflammation (MESH:D000090862), embolism (MESH:D004617), stillbirth (MESH:D050497), postpartum hemorrhage (MESH:D006473), pneumonia (MESH:D011014), respiratory distress syndrome (MESH:D012128), fever (MESH:D005334), bronchiolitis (MESH:D001988), pertussis (MESH:D014917)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (no rank) [taxon 2697049], Influenza A virus (no rank) [taxon 11320]

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12575341