Process Analytical Technology-Integrated FT-IR and Raman Spectroscopies for Efficient Reactive Liquid–Liquid Extraction Processing in Lithium Recycling
Alexander Uhl, Alexandra F. Humann, Axel Schmidt, Jochen Strube
TL;DR
This paper presents a new method using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy to improve lithium recycling efficiency and reduce environmental impact.
Contribution
A novel PAT-integrated framework using in-line spectroscopy and chemometric models for reactive liquid–liquid extraction in lithium recycling.
Findings
Partial least-squares regression models achieved an R² of at least 0.95 for measuring extractant concentration and saponification.
The method reduces chemical costs by 15% and global warming potential by 20% in lithium purification.
The return on investment for implementing this method is estimated to be under 0.4 years.
Abstract
Lithium is a strategic metal that is essential for the electrification of the economy and society as it is commonly used in high-tech applications and batteries. The EU has mandated that 25% of annual consumption be sourced from recycling. To achieve this goal in an economic and ecological manner, recycling processes need to improve in efficiency. One path toward this aim is by introducing smart control enabled by process analytical technologies (PATs). In this work, a framework for the integration of an in-line spectroscopy system with a chemometric model as a PAT methodological approach for a typical reactive liquid–liquid extraction using a synergistic solvent with a β-diketone is exemplified. The concentration of extractants and the degree of saponification as well as the concentration of metal-ion complexes in the organic phase are to be measured with FT-IR and Raman…
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Taxonomy
TopicsExtraction and Separation Processes · Metal Extraction and Bioleaching · Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques