# Challenges in Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case of Aggressive Disease With Multimodal Treatment Approach

## TL;DR

This paper presents a rare case of aggressive ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma and highlights the challenges in its diagnosis and treatment.

## Contribution

The paper contributes a detailed case study on multimodal treatment strategies for a rare and aggressive ovarian cancer subtype.

## Key findings

- High-grade ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare and highly aggressive.
- Multimodal treatment approaches may be necessary due to disease progression and lack of standardized guidelines.
- The patient's condition improved with cisplatin and etoposide after prior therapies failed.

## Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the ovary are extremely rare, accounting for only 1%–2% of malignant ovarian tumors, with high‐grade subtypes demonstrating particularly aggressive behavior. We describe a 47‐year‐old woman who presented with abdominal swelling, irregular bleeding, and pain, and was diagnosed with high‐grade ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma following surgical resection. Despite initial treatment with paclitaxel and carboplatin, residual disease persisted, prompting therapy with long‐acting Sandostatin. The disease subsequently progressed with hepatic and peritoneal involvement, and she was successfully managed with cisplatin and etoposide. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity and aggressive course of ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma and underscores the importance of individualized, multimodal treatment strategies and vigilant follow‐up in the absence of standardized guidelines.