# Exploring the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A in lung adenocarcinoma: molecular mechanisms, key gene insights, and immune microenvironment impacts

## TL;DR

This study explores how bisphenol A might contribute to lung cancer by identifying key genes and immune system impacts.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific genes and molecular mechanisms linking BPA exposure to lung adenocarcinoma progression.

## Key findings

- 218 overlapping genes were found between BPA targets and LUAD biomarkers, including BUB1, BUB1B, CCNA2, CDK1, and UBE2C.
- These genes are linked to poor survival and increased immune cell infiltration in LUAD.
- Molecular docking showed strong BPA-protein binding, suggesting disruption of normal biological functions.

## Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that may contribute to cancer development. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate how BPA affects LUAD development by examining key genes involved in tumor progression and the immune microenvironment.

Network toxicology, molecular docking, and clinical data analyses were performed to identify potential molecular targets of BPA in LUAD. Common genes between BPA targets and LUAD biomarkers were screened, and their biological significance was evaluated through survival analysis, immune infiltration assessment, and protein–ligand interaction studies.

A total of 218 overlapping genes were identified between BPA targets and LUAD biomarkers, including BUB1, BUB1B, CCNA2, CDK1, and UBE2C. These genes were strongly associated with LUAD progression, poor survival outcomes, and enhanced immune cell infiltration. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities between BPA and these proteins, suggesting potential disruption of their normal biological functions.

This study provides valuable insights into the potential risks of BPA exposure in LUAD. The identified key genes and pathways may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering new directions for future research and public health strategies.