# Four Birds with One Stone: Enhancing Integrated Current Density beyond 25.5 mA cm–2 in Perovskite Solar Cells through Advanced Fabrication Strategies

## TL;DR

This paper explores methods to improve perovskite solar cells, achieving higher current density and efficiency through fabrication strategies.

## Contribution

The study introduces advanced fabrication techniques that boost integrated current density beyond 25.5 mA cm–2 in perovskite solar cells.

## Key findings

- Optimized fabrication strategies increased integrated current density to 25.59 mA cm–2.
- Device efficiency reached up to 21.86% through refined substrate, annealing, and passivation methods.

## Abstract

Perovskite solar technology stands at a pivotal juncture,
marked
by remarkable efficiencies reaching up to 27.3%. However, these achievements
remain confined to a handful of research institutions globally, primarily
attributed to the inherent challenge of stabilizing the narrow bandgap
structure of FAPbI3-based perovskite. This study delves
into the exploration of various strategies to enhance the performance
of FAPbI3-based perovskite. Specifically, it scrutinizes
the impact of substrate selection, annealing processes, additive incorporation,
and passivation strategies. Through systematic investigation and meticulous
refinement of these key parameters, we were able to obtain optimized
device performance with an integrated current density of 25.59 mA
cm–2 and a power conversion efficiency up to 21.86%,
starting from a reference device of 23.11 mA cm–2 and 18.23% values for integrated current density and device efficiency,
respectively. This work endeavors to propel the broader adoption and
practical realization of high-performance perovskite solar technologies,
thereby contributing to the sustainable advancement of renewable energy
solutions.