# Characterization of Novel Luteoviruses in Canadian Highbush Blueberries Using High-Throughput Sequencing

## TL;DR

Researchers identified four new luteoviruses in Canadian blueberry plants using sequencing, revealing their widespread presence and potential spread through propagation.

## Contribution

Discovery of four novel luteoviruses, including a new variant and a completely new virus, in Canadian highbush blueberries.

## Key findings

- Four luteoviruses, including two new variants, were identified in blueberry plants.
- Plants often host multiple luteoviruses, and the viruses are widespread in the region.
- The viruses are transmitted via aphids and also spread through nursery stock.

## Abstract

The Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada is among the top ten blueberry producing regions globally. Viral diseases are established in the region and significantly reduce average yields. While testing for two viruses is routine, characterization of all the viruses present in the region is incomplete. We used high-throughput sequencing to obtain an unbiased overview of RNA viruses present in 97 plants collected across the region. In addition to known viruses, we identified four luteoviruses previously unidentified in the region. Two of them matched the blueberry virus L (BlVL) and blueberry virus M (BlVM). recently found in the USA, while the third constitutes a new major variant of BlVM (BlVM-2), and the fourth a new luteovirus, which we named blueberry virus N (BlVN). The genome sequences were ~5 kbp long and contained four open-reading frames similar to other luteoviruses. PCR screening revealed that these luteoviruses are widespread in the region, and that plants typically harbour more than one of these luteoviruses. While luteoviruses are typically vectored by aphids, they were also present in nursery stock, indicating that spread also occurs via vegetative propagation.