# Measurement System and Testing Procedure for Characterization of the Conversion Accuracy of Voltage-to-Voltage and Voltage-to-Current Integrating Circuits for Rogowski Coils

## TL;DR

The paper introduces a new system to test the accuracy of circuits used with Rogowski coils in electricity meters.

## Contribution

A novel measurement system and testing procedure using a digital power meter and arbitrary waveform generator is proposed.

## Key findings

- The conversion error and phase shift of integrators are determined across various frequencies.
- An arbitrary waveform generator replicates the Rogowski coil's output for accurate testing.

## Abstract

Rogowski coils are increasingly being used in electricity metering systems. However, owing to their operating principle, they require an additional active integrating circuit to produce an output voltage or current that is directly proportional to the input current. A signal conditioner has the most significant impact on the overall conversion accuracy of the combined transducer. In this paper, a new measurement system and testing procedure utilizing a digital power meter and arbitrary waveform generator are proposed. This approach enables the characterization of the conversion accuracy of both types of active integrators: voltage-to-voltage and voltage-to-current converters. The conversion error for distorted input voltage harmonics and additional phase shift across a range of frequencies are determined. Instead of using the actual signal from the Rogowski coil during testing —which would be challenging owing to the required high RMS value of the distorted current for its input and difficulties in accurately measuring the RMS values of harmonics and their phase angles in relation to the output voltage or current of the tested converter—an arbitrary waveform generator is used. The input voltage to the active integrating circuit replicates the output voltage of the Rogowski coil: as the harmonic order increases, its RMS voltage rises proportionally.