# Optimization of Overdriving Pulse for Luminance Stability of Electrowetting Displays

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a new driving pulse for electrowetting displays to improve luminance stability and response speed.

## Contribution

A novel overdriving pulse with three phases is introduced to eliminate luminance glitches in electrowetting displays.

## Key findings

- The new pulse eliminates luminance glitches and improves display performance.
- Luminance increased by 1.02% and 1.96% compared to existing pulses.
- Response time was reduced by 1.82% and 8.05% compared to existing pulses.

## Abstract

As a reflective display technology, electrowetting displays (EWDs) have the advantages of a paper-like appearance, fast response speed, and full-color capability. However, the use of an overdriving voltage to improve the response speed of EWDs can cause fluctuations in display luminance, which manifest as glitches in the luminance change curve. In order to eliminate this luminance instability phenomenon, a new driving pulse is proposed, which consists of an overdriving phase, a switching phase, and a driving phase. Firstly, a simplified equivalent circuit model is proposed to apply a target voltage in the driving phase without break down of the hydrophobic insulating layer. Secondly, a COMSOL (Version 6.3) two-dimensional model is established to simulate the oil contraction process and conduct comparisons, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the overdriving pulse. Then, the overdriving phase is applied to improve oil response speed, and a linear function is used in the switching phase to alleviate glitch phenomena. Moreover, the influences of overdriving voltage, overdriving time, and linear switching time on the luminance curve are analyzed by charge trapping theory in order to obtain optimal performance. The experimental results show that the glitch phenomenon is eliminated effectively, and the luminance of the EWD is increased by 1.02% and 1.96% compared with the step switching pulse and PWM pulse, respectively, while the response time is shortened by 1.82% and 8.05% compared with the step switching pulse and PWM pulse, respectively.