# Delivering the Parenting for Lifelong Health Programme with Parents of Young Children in Wales

## TL;DR

A low-cost parenting program, PLH-YC, was tested in Wales and found to be effective in improving parenting skills and child behavior, especially for vulnerable families.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the PLH-YC program in a UK context, particularly for low-income families.

## Key findings

- The PLH-YC program had good retention rates and high participant satisfaction.
- Significant improvements were observed in parenting practices, child behavior, and parental mental wellbeing.
- Participants suggested extending the program duration and providing more time for facilitators.

## Abstract

What are the main findings?
Child behaviour challenges and parenting challenges have risen since COVID-19, especially for low-income families.The cost of delivering parenting interventions can be substantial.

Child behaviour challenges and parenting challenges have risen since COVID-19, especially for low-income families.

The cost of delivering parenting interventions can be substantial.

What is the implication of the main finding?
The Parenting for Lifelong Health programme for parents of Young Children (PLH-YC) is an evidence-based low-cost intervention.Results suggest that the programme is feasible, acceptable, and achieves good outcomes with vulnerable families in Wales.

The Parenting for Lifelong Health programme for parents of Young Children (PLH-YC) is an evidence-based low-cost intervention.

Results suggest that the programme is feasible, acceptable, and achieves good outcomes with vulnerable families in Wales.

Background/Objectives: Based on years of work from high-income countries, the Parenting for Lifelong Health programme for parents of Young Children (PLH-YC) was developed by the first and last authors, as a freely available low-cost programme for low-income families in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The initial group-based 12-session programme has since been delivered, adapted, and evaluated across many LMICs and now has a significant body of evidence. Over the last 10 years, early intervention services in the UK have been considerably reduced whilst, exacerbated by the impact of COVID-19, service demands have grown. This paper describes a feasibility trial of the 12-session PLH-YC programme in Wales to explore whether it could recruit and retain parents, and demonstrate improvements in parenting skills and reductions in child behaviour problems. Methods: Two small pre–post trials were conducted in socially disadvantaged communities in Wales, and they were delivered by local parenting practitioners. Of the 20 parents recruited across 3 groups, 17 provided pre- and post-course data and 10 completed qualitative interviews. Results: Retention was good (85%) with mean attendance of 8.7 sessions, and parental and facilitator feedback reported high levels of satisfaction with the programme, with the only recommendation being to make the programme longer and for facilitators to be given more time. Results showed significant benefits to parent-reported parenting practices, child behaviour, and parental mental wellbeing. Conclusions: These preliminary results justify work to develop a rigorous evaluation to establish whether PLH-YC could have a place among parenting-support programmes in the UK.