# The Role of Protein Arginine Methylation as a Post-Translational Modification in Cellular Homeostasis and Disease

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how protein arginine methylation, regulated by PRMT enzymes, affects cellular processes and diseases, especially in the tumor immune microenvironment.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of PRMTs' roles in cellular homeostasis and disease, with a focus on the tumor immune microenvironment.

## Key findings

- PRMTs regulate key biological processes like gene transcription and DNA repair.
- PRMTs are linked to disease pathophysiology, particularly in the tumor immune microenvironment.
- Nine PRMTs in humans use SAM to catalyze arginine methylation.

## Abstract

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins in eukaryotic cells are essential for regulating proteome function and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Among these, the methylation modification of arginine has received much attention in recent years. The enzymatic process of arginine methylation is catalyzed by a family of approximately nine known protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in humans, which utilize S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl group donor. This paper provides a review of the numerous roles of members of the PRMT family in normal cellular function and disease pathophysiology, with a focus on their association with the tumor microenvironment, and discusses their broad impact on various physiological processes and pathological conditions.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins in eukaryotic cells are essential for regulating proteome function and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Among these, the methylation modification of arginine has received much attention in recent years. The enzymatic process of arginine methylation is catalyzed by a family of approximately nine known protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in humans, which utilize S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl group donor. PRMTs are involved in biological processes such as gene transcription, signal transduction, and DNA damage repair. Their role in normal cellular functions and pathological disease states is becoming increasingly clear with the advancement of research. This paper provides a review of the numerous roles of members of the PRMT family in normal cellular function and disease pathophysiology, with a focus on their association with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and discusses their broad impact on various physiological processes and pathological conditions.