Artery of Percheron infarct with multiple cranial nerve palsies and Horner Syndrome

TL;DR

A rare stroke involving the artery of Percheron caused eye movement issues and other neurological symptoms in a 65-year-old man.

Contribution

This case highlights the artery of Percheron as a rare but important cause of ophthalmic deficits in stroke patients.

Findings

The patient exhibited multiple cranial nerve palsies and Horner Syndrome due to an artery of Percheron infarct.

MRI confirmed infarction patterns consistent with this rare anatomical variant.

Early diagnosis of such rare variants can improve stroke management and outcomes.

Abstract

To report a case of a rare stroke variant involving the artery of Percheron leading to ocular motility compromise.

A 65-year-old man presented to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic with multiple cranial nerve palsies and Horner Syndrome. He was three weeks post-thrombolytic therapy to treat an ischemic stroke, and his pertinent medical history consisted of hyperlipidemia and macular degeneration. On physical exam, the patient experienced bilateral vertical gaze paresis, incomplete left Horner syndrome, right-sided cranial nerve VI palsy, and partial left-sided cranial nerve VII palsy. Based on the infarction patterns demonstrated on MRI, the patient was diagnosed with an artery of Percheron infarct.

The artery of Percheron is a rare variant of posterior cerebral circulation that supplies both paramedian thalamic zones in addition to variably supplying the midbrain. Overall, this case highlights the importance of considering rare anatomical variants when working up ophthalmic deficits in a stroke patient. Early diagnosis can lead to adequate therapy and prevent complications in the future.

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