Factors associated with hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Arba Minch general hospital, South Ethiopia

TL;DR

This study found that over half of type 2 diabetes patients in South Ethiopia also had hypertension, with factors like age and lifestyle playing a role.

Contribution

The study identifies specific local factors associated with hypertension in type 2 diabetes patients in South Ethiopia.

Findings

Hypertension prevalence was 52.8% among type 2 diabetes patients.

Older age and longer diabetes duration were strongly linked to hypertension.

Lifestyle factors like physical inactivity and lack of glucometer use were significant contributors.

Abstract

To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at Arba Minch General Hospital, South Ethiopia.

A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1 to 30, 2024 at Arba Minch General Hospital. A total of 381 adults with T2DM were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews, medical record reviews, and physical measurements. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with hypertension. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

The prevalence of hypertension was 52.8 % (95 % CI: 47.6,57.9). Independent factors included age ≥ 40 years (AOR: 3.32; 95 % CI: 1.68,6.56), rural residence (AOR: 0.41; 95 % CI: 0.19,0.88), family history of diabetes (AOR: 2.31; 95 % CI: 1.23,4.45), diabetes duration ≥10 years (AOR: 3.50; 95 % CI: 1.87,6.65), physical inactivity (AOR: 2.53; 95 % CI: 1.01,6.55), and not using a self-monitoring device (AOR: 2.11; 95 % CI: 1.13,3.93).

More than half of adults with T2DM had coexisting hypertension. Integrated chronic disease management focusing on lifestyle modification, regular blood pressure monitoring, and enhancing patient self-care are essential to improve outcomes in this population.

•Hypertension affected 52.76 % of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Ethiopia.•Older age and longer diabetes duration were strong factors for hypertension.•Lack of physical activity and glucometer use were also significantly associated.•Findings support integrated chronic care and lifestyle interventions.

Hypertension affected 52.76 % of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Ethiopia.

Older age and longer diabetes duration were strong factors for hypertension.

Lack of physical activity and glucometer use were also significantly associated.

Findings support integrated chronic care and lifestyle interventions.

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