# A Pediatric Case of Hepatocellular Malignant Neoplasm, Not Otherwise Specified (HCN‐NOS) With Poor Prognosis Post‐Tumor Resection and Postoperative Chemotherapy

## TL;DR

A child with a rare liver tumor called HCN-NOS underwent surgery and chemotherapy but died, suggesting current treatments may not be effective.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the need for tailored treatment strategies for HCN-NOS due to its poor prognosis with existing hepatoblastoma protocols.

## Key findings

- Complete tumor resection and postoperative chemotherapy failed to prevent death in a pediatric HCN-NOS case.
- Current hepatoblastoma-targeting treatment protocols may not be effective for HCN-NOS.
- Improved treatment strategies specific to HCN-NOS are needed to enhance patient outcomes.

## Abstract

Hepatocellular malignant neoplasm, not otherwise specified (HCN‐NOS) is a newly identified liver tumor with features of mixed hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although its prognosis and treatment strategies are not well defined, some reports suggested that complete resection with HB‐targeting chemotherapy may yield favorable outcomes.

We present herein a pediatric case of HCN‐NOS in which the tumor was fully resected followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient subsequently died.

This case highlights the fact that hepatoblastoma protocols may not always be effective in the treatment of HCN‐NOS; therefore, developing treatment strategies tailored to HCN‐NOS is crucial to improve patient prognosis.