# Exploring Van Gogh Syndrome: A Case Report on Schizoaffective Disorder and Self-Harm

## TL;DR

This case report explores the link between schizoaffective disorder and self-harm, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing suicide risk in such patients.

## Contribution

The paper presents a case of schizoaffective disorder with self-harm behaviors, emphasizing the need for improved risk identification and harm-reduction strategies.

## Key findings

- Self-harm behaviors are common in individuals with schizoaffective disorder and may indicate increased suicide risk.
- A case of superficial self-inflicted injury was linked to schizoaffective disorder requiring close monitoring.
- Improved identification and management of self-harm risk is crucial in patients with psychiatric conditions.

## Abstract

Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is defined as the intentional infliction of physical injury on oneself without the intent to end one's life. Common behaviors associated with DSH include cutting with a knife or razor, scratching or hitting oneself, and intentional drug overdose. Additionally, these behaviors may encompass restricting food intake and engaging in other risk-taking activities, such as driving at high speeds and participating in unprotected sexual activities. DSH is a strong indicator of suicide risk, particularly in individuals with schizophrenia. The death of Vincent Van Gogh on July 29, 1890, at the age of 37, following a firearm-related suicide attempt, is a compelling example. This occurred a year after his infamous act of self-inflicted ear mutilation, underscoring the increased suicide risk among individuals with a history of significant self-mutilation. We report a similar case of a patient who presented with superficial new cuts on a broken index finger of the left upper limb. Further assessment revealed schizoaffective disorder, which required close monitoring and management. There is a need to enhance the knowledge of identifying those at an elevated risk of self-harm and, whenever feasible, to implement appropriate harm-reduction strategies.