Lentiviral-mediated panErbB CAR-T cell therapy against head and neck squamous cell carcinomas for patients with Fanconi anemia

TL;DR

Researchers developed a new CAR-T cell therapy targeting head and neck cancer in Fanconi anemia patients, showing it works in lab and animal models without causing DNA damage.

Contribution

A non-genotoxic panErbB CAR-T cell therapy is proposed for Fanconi anemia patients with head and neck cancer.

Findings

PanErbB CAR-T cells effectively kill HNSCC cell lines from both healthy and FA patients in vitro.

Intratumoral administration of CAR-T cells significantly reduced tumor growth in xenograft models.

CAR-T cell generation was equally effective from healthy donors and FA patients despite FA-related defects.

Abstract

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a DNA repair syndrome characterized by bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition, including acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Due to the exacerbated toxicity of radio-chemotherapy in FA patients with HNSCC, there is an urgent need of safer and more efficient antitumoral therapies for these patients, such as those based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. Here, we show that HNSCC cell lines from both the general population and patients with FA express ErbB family members, which can be recognized by the T1E panErbB ligand. The generation of a lentiviral vector encoding for a second-generation T1E-CAR allowed us to generate panErbB CAR-T cells from healthy donors (HDs) and patients with FA. Despite the molecular and cellular defects characteristic of FA cells, a similar efficacy of CAR-T generation was observed, regardless of the donor origin. In all cases, panErbB CAR-T cells exerted potent cytotoxicity against all HNSCC cell lines tested in vitro. In addition, intratumoral administration of these CAR-T cells in HNSCC xenografts markedly reduced tumor growth. These preclinical results suggest that panErbB CAR-T cells would represent a safe, non-genotoxic therapy for HNSCC, with particular applicability for patients with FA.

PanErbB CAR-T cells generated from both healthy donors and Fanconi anemia patients efficiently target HNSCC cell lines in vitro and suppress tumor growth in xenografts. These findings highlight the potential of non-genotoxic CAR-T therapies as safe and effective alternatives for FA-associated head and neck cancer.

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