# A preliminary examination of the relationship between specific adverse childhood experiences and perpetration of hate-motivated behaviours

## TL;DR

This study explores how specific childhood traumas are linked to later hate-motivated behaviors, finding that certain adverse experiences increase the likelihood of such behaviors.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific adverse childhood experiences associated with hate-motivated behavior perpetration, offering a nuanced understanding of their relationship.

## Key findings

- Individuals with ACEs were more likely to report hate-motivated behavior perpetration.
- Abuse, neglect, and family mental health issues were specifically linked to HMB.
- The study highlights a nuanced relationship between specific ACEs and later behaviors.

## Abstract

Hate-motivated behaviour (HMB) is a growing public health issue. These behaviours can range from hate crimes to microaggressions and have been associated with wide-ranging consequences.

The current study aimed to explore the relationship between specific adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and HMB perpetration.

Participants (n = 447) completed an online cross-sectional survey assessing demographic factors, ACEs and HMB perpetration.

Individuals who experienced ACEs were more likely to report engaging in HMB than those who did not experience negative life events during childhood. Abuse, neglect and living with a family member with substance abuse and/or mental health issues were all associated with HMB perpetration.

This study provides a more nuanced understanding of the link between experiences during childhood and HMB later in life, by highlighting that specific ACEs were more strongly associated with engaging in these behaviours. Future research should seek to replicate these findings and examine the mechanisms underpinning these relationships.