# Effect of Adjuvant Vitamin D Therapy on Total Nasal Symptoms Score, IgE, and Eosinophil Levels in Allergic Rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

## TL;DR

This study finds that adding vitamin D to treatment helps reduce nasal symptoms and immune markers in people with allergic rhinitis.

## Contribution

A systematic review and meta-analysis showing vitamin D's effectiveness in reducing symptoms and immune markers in allergic rhinitis.

## Key findings

- Vitamin D significantly reduced Total Nasal Symptoms Score in AR patients.
- IgE levels were significantly lowered with vitamin D adjuvant therapy.
- Eosinophil levels also decreased significantly in patients receiving vitamin D.

## Abstract

This review investigated the effects of adjuvant vitamin D therapy on Total Nasal Symptoms Score (TNSS), IgE, and eosinophil counts in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The meta-analysis used databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, SAGE journals, and clinicaltrials.gov. Quality appraisal was performed using RoB 2 and NOS tools. The research was guided by the PRISMA 2020 chart and analyzed using RevMan 5.4. Sixteen articles, including 11 randomised controlled trials and five cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen articles reported TNSS, while four reported IgE and eosinophil levels. Vitamin D significantly reduced TNSS (SMD –2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –3.05, –1.43; P < 0.00001; I2 = 96%), IgE (SMD –1.45; 95% CI: –2.07 to –0.983; P < 0.00001; I2 = 79%), and eosinophil levels (SMD –2.20; 95% CI: –3.92 to –0.48; P = 0.01; I2 = 97%) in AR patients. Vitamin D adjuvant therapy significantly alleviated nasal symptoms and reduced IgE and eosinophil levels in patients with AR.