# Management of bile acid diarrhea in Italy: a survey

## TL;DR

This survey explores how Italian physicians diagnose and manage bile acid diarrhea, a common but under-recognized cause of chronic diarrhea.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into current diagnostic practices and treatment preferences for bile acid diarrhea among Italian physicians.

## Key findings

- Gastroenterologists report a higher prevalence of bile acid diarrhea compared to other physicians.
- 75SeHCAT is the most commonly used diagnostic tool for bile acid diarrhea.
- Cholestyramine, low-fat diets, and stool thickeners are the most prescribed treatments.

## Abstract

Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is a common, under-investigated cause of chronic diarrhea. We aimed to assess the current management of BAD among a group of Italian physicians. A survey was developed by a task force of experts and distributed via the Internet to Italian physicians members of the main Italian gastroenterological associations. Ninety-four physicians accepted to participate, of whom 44% were females. The majority of participants were gastroenterologists (63%) and the mean age was 50.5 years. No differences in the rate of BAD diagnosis among patients with chronic diarrhea were found according to medical specialization. Gastroenterologists reported a higher prevalence of BAD compared with other physicians/general practitioners (1% vs 0.3%). BAD suspicion is mostly raised in the presence of watery stools and > 3 bowel movements/day and the exclusion of organic/drug-related diseases. BAD diagnosis was assessed with 75SeHCAT (67.8% of gastroenterologists and 51.4% of other physicians), followed by a trial of cholestyramine (30.5% of gastroenterologists and 31.4% of other physicians). Therapies most prescribed for BAD were cholestyramine, a low-fat diet, and stool thickeners. BAD is a common condition generally suspected in the presence of chronic watery diarrhea. 75SeHCAT availability influences the awareness of this disease. Therapies currently are often not able to guarantee adequate symptom relief.