# Infection Rate and Drug Resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in Patients With Genital Mycoplasma Infection at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology in Vietnam

## TL;DR

This study analyzed infection rates and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in Vietnam, finding high resistance to common antibiotics like ciprofloxacin.

## Contribution

The study provides updated resistance profiles and infection rates of U. urealyticum and M. hominis in a Vietnamese clinical setting.

## Key findings

- U. urealyticum was the most prevalent isolate (97.6%), with high ciprofloxacin resistance (76%).
- M. hominis showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin (88%), erythromycin (79.2%), and ofloxacin (77%).
- Josamycin resistance was lowest (6.9%) among U. urealyticum isolates, suggesting it as a potential treatment option.

## Abstract

Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis are significant causes of genitourinary infections, with increasing concerns regarding their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles. This study determined the infection rate and AMR profiles of U. urealyticum and M. hominis in genitourinary samples from patients at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Vietnam. A retrospective analysis of 2207 samples collected from 2018 to 2022 was performed. Isolates were identified and tested for antibiotic resistance using standard methods. Data were analyzed using R software, and statistical associations were assessed using the Cochran–Armitage test. Of the 654 positive cultures, 43.3% were from males and 56.7% from females, with the 25–40 age group most affected (55.7%). U. urealyticum was the most prevalent isolate (97.6%), followed by M. hominis (28%), with 25.5% showing coinfection. Resistance rates varied significantly for U. urealyticum; ciprofloxacin resistance was highest (76%), while josamycin resistance was lowest (6.9%). M. hominis showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin (88%), erythromycin (79.2%), and ofloxacin (77%). Coinfections of both species also displayed similarly high resistance patterns. Our study underscores the need for ongoing surveillance of U. urealyticum and M. hominis. We found that U. urealyticum was the predominant pathogen, with resistance patterns differing by species. M. hominis exhibited higher resistance overall, while josamycin remained a relatively effective treatment option. Notably, ciprofloxacin resistance was high across all isolates. These findings highlight the urgency and importance of continuously monitoring these pathogens and their resistance profiles.