# Effects of 12-Week Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Immune Function, Body Weight, and Metabolic Parameters in Middle-Aged Women: A Retrospective Study

## TL;DR

A 12-week supplement of vitamins D3, K2, B6, B12, and magnesium improved immune function, reduced body fat, and improved metabolic health in middle-aged women.

## Contribution

This study demonstrates that combined micronutrient supplementation improves immune and metabolic health in middle-aged women with suboptimal intake.

## Key findings

- Immune markers like IgG and IgA increased, while CRP decreased significantly after 12 weeks of supplementation.
- Body weight, body fat percentage, and waist circumference decreased significantly.
- Fasting glucose, cholesterol, and homocysteine levels improved significantly.

## Abstract

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week combined supplementation of vitamin D3, vitamin K2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and magnesium on immune function, body composition, and metabolic parameters in women aged 45 years and older with suboptimal micronutrient intake, using real-world electronic health record (EHR) data.

Methods: De-identified EHR data from 52 Chinese women (mean age: 49.2 ± 5.8 years) who received a daily standardized supplement (vitamin D3: 5000 IU, vitamin K2: 100 μg, vitamin B6: 2.5 mg, vitamin B12: 1000 μg, magnesium: 75 mg) for 12 consecutive weeks were analyzed. Outcomes included immune markers (immunoglobulins, high-sensitivity CRP, WBC count with differential), anthropometric measures (body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference), and metabolic parameters (homocysteine, fasting glucose, lipid profile) at baseline and 12 weeks post-supplementation.

Results: After 12 weeks, significant improvements were observed in immune function: serum IgG increased from 9.8 ± 1.7 g/L to 11.3 ± 1.5 g/L (p<0.01), IgA rose from 2.0 ± 0.4 g/L to 2.5 ± 0.3 g/L (p<0.01), and high-sensitivity CRP decreased from 3.5 ± 1.2 mg/L to 2.2 ± 0.9 mg/L (p<0.001). Anthropometric changes included modest but significant reductions in body weight (−1.4 ± 0.7 kg, p<0.01), body fat percentage (−1.2 ± 0.5%, p<0.01), and waist circumference (−1.5 ± 0.6 cm, p<0.01). Metabolic health showed marked improvements: fasting glucose decreased from 93.5 ± 6.4 mg/dL to 89.8 ± 5.8 mg/dL (p<0.05), total cholesterol declined from 201 ± 23 mg/dL to 188 ± 20 mg/dL (p<0.05), and homocysteine dropped from 11.2 ± 2.3 μmol/L to 8.5 ± 1.8 μmol/L (p<0.01). No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions: Twelve-week supplementation with vitamin D3, K2, B6, B12, and magnesium improves immune function, reduces adiposity while preserving lean mass, and ameliorates metabolic dysregulation in middle-aged women. This combined regimen may serve as a promising strategy to address midlife-related health risks.