# Early Neonatal Death in Harlequin Ichthyosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper presents a case of a newborn with Harlequin ichthyosis who died despite medical care, emphasizing the condition's severity and diagnostic difficulties.

## Contribution

The paper adds a new clinical case to the limited literature on Harlequin ichthyosis and discusses its management challenges.

## Key findings

- The neonate exhibited severe symptoms including ectropion and thick scales.
- Despite optimal care, the infant died on the second day of life.
- The case underscores the poor prognosis and diagnostic challenges of Harlequin ichthyosis.

## Abstract

Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare, life‐threatening neonatal disorder often mistaken for collodion baby. We report a 37‐week neonate with severe ectropion, eclabium, and thick fissured scales who died on Day 2 despite optimal care. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges, intensive management needs, and poor prognosis of Harlequin ichthyosis.