# Critical illness following kidney transplant: a case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in a patient with multiple comorbidities

## TL;DR

A 63-year-old woman with multiple health issues had a kidney transplant but later faced severe complications, including a rare gallbladder infection.

## Contribution

The case highlights the challenges in managing critically ill post-transplant patients and the need for suspicion of rare infections.

## Key findings

- The patient developed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis after kidney transplant.
- Management of post-transplant critical illness is complex due to multiple comorbidities.
- Less common infections should be considered in critically ill transplant patients.

## Abstract

We report the case of a 63-year-old female with significant comorbidities, including end-stage renal disease secondary to type 2 diabetes mellitus, who underwent a left kidney transplant. Post-operatively, she developed complications, including subcapsular hematoma, acute hypoxic respiratory distress, and bacteremia complicated by xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Despite aggressive medical interventions, her condition deteriorated, and comfort care measures were initiated. This case underscores the complexities and challenges in managing critically ill post-transplant patients and highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion of less common infections in this patient population.