Electrospun Polymeric Film in Red BF-4B Dye Degradation

TL;DR

This study explores using electrospun polymeric films with TiO2 to degrade the Red BF-4B dye in water and demonstrates their reuse potential.

Contribution

The novelty lies in the application of PBAT/PLA electrospun fibers with TiO2 for dye degradation and their reuse over multiple cycles.

Findings

Dye degradation was more effective at pH values below 7.42.

Degradation efficiencies of 86.60% to 93.07% were achieved over six reuse cycles.

Polymer degradation led to increased exposure of TiO2 particles, confirmed by multiple characterization techniques.

Abstract

This work aims to apply polymeric PBAT/PLA fibers electrospun with TiO2 in the photodegradation of the dye Red BF-4B in an aqueous solution and the dye’s subsequent reuse. Initially, the influence of the solution pH was evaluated, and the results showed more significant dye degradation at pH values below the pHpcz (7.42). Kinetic studies show that at 15 mg·L−1, the highest percentage of degradation occurs at 600 min of reaction time; however, degradation equal to (or greater than) 65% was observed at all evaluated concentrations, with the kinetic data being well fitted by the pseudo-first-order model. Additional studies demonstrated the reuse of polymeric films for dye removal, with removal efficiencies ranging from 86.60% to 93.07% over six consecutive reuse cycles. Each cycle consisted of a 600 min removal process, simulating repeated practical applications. After the photocatalytic process, the polymeric fibers remained cylindrical, with several fractures. Diameter decreases of 31.61% and 7.95% were observed after the first and sixth cycles, respectively, with possible exposure of TiO2. The vibrational spectra indicate changes in the bands at 1755 and 1714 cm−1, attributed to C=O (PLA) and C-O (PBAT) stretches, respectively, suggesting a possible conformational change in the polymers. The thermal profiles showed only slight changes after the cycles. X-ray diffractograms indicate that degradation of the polymeric matrix leads to greater exposure of the embedded TiO2 particles. The combined results from different characterization techniques provide evidence of the degradation of the polymeric material.

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