Evaluating Transport Layer Security 1.3 Optimization Strategies for 5G Cross-Border Roaming: A Comprehensive Security and Performance Analysis
Jhury Kevin Lastre, Yongho Ko, Hoseok Kwon, Ilsun You

TL;DR
This paper introduces a new TLS 1.3 optimization for 5G roaming that reduces latency without sacrificing security.
Contribution
Zero Round Trip Time Forward Secrecy (0-RTT FS) maintains security while minimizing handshake latency in 5G roaming.
Findings
0-RTT FS achieves 195.0 μs handshake latency with 17% overhead compared to insecure 0-RTT.
Existing TLS 1.3 optimization modes have critical replay vulnerabilities.
The proposed method provides full security guarantees including PFS and replay protection.
Abstract
Cross-border Fifth Generation Mobile Communication (5G) roaming requires secure N32 connections between network operators via Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP) interfaces, but current Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.3 implementations face a critical trade-off between connection latency and security guarantees. Standard TLS 1.3 optimization modes either compromise Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) or suffer from replay vulnerabilities, while full handshakes impose excessive latency penalties for time-sensitive roaming services. This research introduces Zero Round Trip Time Forward Secrecy (0-RTT FS), a novel protocol extension that achieves zero round-trip performance while maintaining comprehensive security properties, including PFS and replay protection. Our solution addresses the fundamental limitation where existing TLS 1.3 optimizations sacrifice security for performance in…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdvanced Authentication Protocols Security · Cryptography and Data Security · Wireless Communication Security Techniques
