Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Improving Functional Capacity and Reducing Hospitalizations in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

TL;DR

This study reviews how SGLT2 inhibitors help improve heart function and reduce hospital visits in patients with a specific type of heart failure.

Contribution

The novelty lies in systematically evaluating the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in managing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Findings

SGLT2 inhibitors significantly improved patient-reported outcomes like KCCQ scores and 6MWT performance.

Heart failure hospitalizations were reduced in patients using SGLT2 inhibitors.

Benefits were observed in diverse populations including older adults and those with diabetes or COPD.

Abstract

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have recently emerged as a promising therapeutic option for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a condition historically resistant to pharmacological interventions. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 10 randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of empagliflozin and dapagliflozin on functional capacity and hospitalization outcomes in HFpEF patients. The findings consistently demonstrate significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes, such as the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) scores and six-minute walk test (6MWT) performance, along with reductions in heart failure hospitalizations. These benefits were observed across diverse patient populations, including older adults and those with comorbidities like diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with a favorable safety profile. The review supports the incorporation of SGLT2 inhibitors as a central component in the management of HFpEF, offering both symptomatic relief and a reduction in clinical events.

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