# Harnessing Pelargonium Odoratissimum Extracts for Sustainable Ground Meat Preservation

## TL;DR

This study explores Pelargonium odoratissimum extract as a natural preservative for ground meat, showing it can reduce microbial growth and oxidation while maintaining sensory quality.

## Contribution

The study introduces Pelargonium odoratissimum ethyl acetate extract as a novel, sustainable natural preservative for ground meat.

## Key findings

- The extract showed strong antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 2.5 to 6.25 mg/mL.
- It effectively reduced microbial growth and lipid oxidation in ground beef during refrigerated storage.
- Sensory evaluation confirmed preserved meat quality in terms of color, odor, and texture.

## Abstract

Pelargonium odoratissimum is traditionally recognized for its medicinal properties, yet its potential in food preservation remains underexplored. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity of its solvent extracts, with emphasis on the ethyl acetate fraction. The extract was rich in bioactive compounds, containing 11.84 µg GAE/g of total polyphenols and 3.08 µg QE/g of total flavonoids. Antibacterial testing demonstrated strong inhibitory effects, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 6.25 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations between 3.12 and 7.5 mg/mL, confirming bactericidal potential. Antioxidant assessment using the DPPH assay revealed potent radical‐scavenging activity (IC50 = 10.65 µg/mL). When incorporated as a natural preservative in ground beef, the ethyl acetate fraction effectively reduced microbial growth and lipid oxidation during 14 days of refrigerated storage (4°C), lowering aerobic plate counts by up to 2.74 log CFU/g compared with the control. Sensory evaluation further confirmed its ability to preserve meat color, odor, and texture. Collectively, these findings highlight Pelargonium odoratissimum ethyl acetate extract as a promising natural preservative for improving food quality, safety, and shelf life, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic additives.