Saturating the Matrix: Nanocomposite Solution-Processed Sodium Aluminophosphate Solid Electrolytes
Thomas E. Gill, Guillaume Matthews, Yaoguang Song, Mo El Maoued, Adam J. Lovett, Sadia Sheraz, Nicholas P. Lockyer, Amita Ummadisingu, Thomas S. Miller, Alexander J. E. Rettie
TL;DR
Researchers developed a sodium aluminophosphate solid electrolyte using a solution-based method, achieving promising ionic conductivity for sodium metal batteries.
Contribution
The study introduces a novel nanocomposite sodium aluminophosphate solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and a unique NaNO3 domain structure.
Findings
NAPO solid electrolytes with ionic conductivity of ≈10–8 S cm–1 were synthesized via spin coating.
The presence of crystalline NaNO3 domains is essential for achieving high ionic conductivity.
The material exhibits an activation energy of 0.80(1) eV and low electronic conductivity.
Abstract
Amorphous lithium solid electrolytes (SE) have enabled high performance lithium metal batteries, but sodium analogues are underexplored. Here, we report sodium aluminophosphate (NAPO) SEs synthesized via spin coating from aqueous solutions. Continuous, smooth, films with submicron thickness are produced after a mild annealing step. Exploration of the Na–Al–P–O phase space reveals nanocomposite materials comprising of an amorphous NAPO with crystalline NaNO3 domains, suggesting a Na+ saturation limit within the Al–P–O matrix. A maximum ionic conductivity of ≈10–8 S cm–1 is achieved, with the presence of the insulating NaNO3 precursor necessary for high ionic conductivity. Electron microscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and optical measurements reveal that at low concentrations the NaNO3 phase is initially present as diffuse nanoparticle domains and at higher…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdvanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity · Advancements in Battery Materials