# Towards Sustainable Development Goals: Application of Hydrogen‐Enriched Mahua Biodiesel/Diesel Blend to Dual‐Fuel Diesel Engine

## TL;DR

Adding hydrogen to a Mahua biodiesel blend improves engine efficiency and reduces emissions, supporting clean energy goals.

## Contribution

Demonstrates hydrogen enrichment's effectiveness in enhancing dual-fuel diesel engine performance and emissions.

## Key findings

- Hydrogen at 10 L/min improves brake thermal efficiency by 16.75% and reduces fuel consumption by 10.83%.
- Emissions of HC, CO, and CO2 decrease by 42.65%, 44.74%, and 20.91%, respectively.
- Combustion characteristics show increased peak pressure and heat release rate with longer ignition delay.

## Abstract

This study investigates the influence of hydrogen (H2) enrichment on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a dual‐fuel diesel engine operated with Mahua biodiesel/diesel blend (BDf20), in which H2 is injected into the intake manifold at flow rates of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 L min−1 under varying engine loads. As a result, the optimum engine performance is achieved at 10 L min−1 H2. At a peak load of 5.02 kW, BDf20 + H2 (10 L min−1) improves brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 16.75%, and reduces brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 10.83% compared to conventional diesel. For emission characteristics, unburnt hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) decrease by 42.65, 44.74, and 20.91%, respectively, although NOx emissions increased by 17.1% due to higher combustion temperatures. Moreover, combustion characteristics show a 9.91% rise in peak in‐cylinder pressure, a 20.82% increase in heat release rate, and an 8.26% longer ignition delay period. The results confirm the effectiveness of H2 enrichment in improving combustion performance while significantly reducing pollutant emissions, showing that combining H2 with biodiesel enhances the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by advancing clean and renewable energy solutions.

This study explores hydrogen enrichment in a dual‐fuel diesel engine fuelled with a Mahua biodiesel/diesel blend. At 10 L min−1 hydrogen flow, engine efficiency rises while fuel consumption and major emissions decline, though NOx increases. The findings highlight hydrogen's role in cleaner combustion and its contribution to advancing Sustainable Development Goals.