# Climate Change Does Not Directly Influence Red Squirrel ( Sciurus vulgaris ) Distribution in Western Europe

## TL;DR

The red squirrel's distribution in Western Europe is not directly affected by climate change, but other threats like invasive species remain significant.

## Contribution

This study reveals that bioclimatic variables do not directly influence red squirrel distribution, highlighting the importance of non-climatic threats.

## Key findings

- Bioclimatic factors have limited predictive power for red squirrel distribution.
- No direct climate impacts on red squirrel populations were identified.
- Indirect threats like grey squirrel expansion pose significant risks.

## Abstract

Climate change presents ongoing risks to species like the red squirrel, which, despite its wide range, faces pressures from multiple threats (fragmentation, invasive species, among others). This study assesses the relationship of red squirrel distribution across Western Europe with bioclimatic variables to predict future climate impacts. However, our results suggest that bioclimatic factors have limited predictive power, with no direct impacts identified. Indirect effects, such as the expansion of grey squirrels, may still worsen challenges for red squirrel populations. Addressing these by maintaining habitat quality and connectivity through targeted conservation measures will be crucial for ensuring red squirrel persistence.