# Effect of resin infiltration system and pit-fissure sealant on white spot lesion: An in vitro study

## TL;DR

This study compares how different dental treatments affect the appearance and hardness of white spot lesions on teeth.

## Contribution

The study evaluates the effectiveness of resin infiltration and pit-fissure sealants in managing white spot lesions.

## Key findings

- DMG ICON showed the highest surface roughness and best masking effect for white spot lesions.
- GC Fuji VII had the highest microhardness but could not reverse existing lesions.
- Helioseal-F had the lowest surface roughness and moderate masking ability.

## Abstract

Demineralization causes dissolution of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals from enamel surface and leads to formation of micro-porosities
resulting in chalky white patches on tooth surface thereby causing a white spot lesions. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the
surface roughness, micro-hardness and masking effect of commonly used pit and fissure sealant (GC, fuji VII, IVOCLAR, helioseal F) and
DMG ICON in artificial carious lesions. A total of 80 freshly extracted premolars were collected for the study. The enamel surfaces were
treated using both resin infiltration and fissure sealant techniques (GC, fuji VII, IVOCLAR, helioseal F). Surface roughness was
assessed with a surface profilometer, while microhardness was evaluated using the Vickers hardness test. The masking effect was
determined through the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The highest surface roughness was observed in specimens treated with DMG ICON,
followed by those treated with GC Fuji VII, while the lowest roughness was recorded by Helioseal-F in the group. In terms of
microhardness, GC Fuji VII demonstrated the highest values, followed by Helioseal-F, with ICON showing the lowest. The masking ability
was found to be most effective in the ICON group, which outperformed both Helioseal-F and GC Fuji VII. ICON camouflages the white spot
lesions by matching the refractive index of healthy enamel. GC fuji VII helps to prevent white spot lesions by releasing fluoride, but
cannot reverse or mask existing one.