# The regulatory role and mechanism of energy metabolism and immune response in head and neck cancer

## TL;DR

This review explores how energy metabolism and immune responses affect head and neck cancer, aiming to improve treatment strategies.

## Contribution

The paper systematically reviews metabolic and immune alterations in head and neck cancer to guide therapeutic development.

## Key findings

- Head and neck cancer cells show distinct metabolic profiles compared to normal cells.
- Altered glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism are linked to tumor progression.
- Modulating these metabolic pathways could offer new treatment opportunities.

## Abstract

Head and neck cancer, which includes cancers of the mouth, larynx, and pharynx, is one of the six most common cancers worldwide. Common risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and viruses such as HPV and EBV. Tumor cells often exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics compared with normal cells, highlighting a key area for potential intervention. By targeting these metabolic pathways, it is possible to influence tumor initiation and progression. Therefore, this review primarily describes the alterations in glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the immune system in head and neck cancer patients and discusses potential treatment strategies to advance the understanding of head and neck cancer and the development of therapeutic drugs for it.