Triangulating data to define patient pathways, diagnostic and treatment patterns, and outcomes in cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis in Germany: a mixed-methods real-world data study

TL;DR

This study examines cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis in Germany, revealing high complication and mortality rates, and highlighting the need for better care and prevention strategies.

Contribution

The study provides real-world data on cancer-associated thrombosis in Germany, identifying patient pathways, treatment patterns, and regional disparities.

Findings

DVT occurred most frequently in skin cancers, breast, and digestive organs.

Hospitalization rates and mortality were higher in patients with thrombosis.

Rural patients faced longer travel times to specialized care centers.

Abstract

Cancer incidence is rising in Germany, increasing the burden of cancer-associated deep vein thrombosis (DVT). To improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, robust regional data on patient numbers, cancer types, healthcare access, and outcomes are essential but currently scarce. This study addresses these gaps using a multi-source approach.

A mixed-methods analysis was conducted using claims data (2016–2018) from the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians and AOK Bayern. Inclusion criteria: age > 18 years, active cancer diagnosis (ICD-10-GM C00–C99), and incident thrombosis (ICD-10-GM I80–I82). A supplementary patient survey captured care access and travel times.

Among 677,327 Bavarian cancer patients, 38,393 (6%) developed thrombosis (mean age 69.6; 56% female). DVT occurred most frequently in skin cancers (30%), breast (16%), and digestive organs (16%). Complications were documented in 8610 patients, including pulmonary embolism (9%) and chronic venous disease (23%). Hospitalization occurred in 34% of cases (men, 29%; women, 39%). Mortality averaged 9% for cancer patients and rose to 23% when thrombosis was present. Rural patients reported average travel times of 53 min (range, 15–250) to specialized centers.

Cancer-associated thrombosis presents a significant clinical burden, especially in common tumor types. High rates of complications and mortality, combined with limited access to specialized care—particularly in rural areas—underline the urgent need for targeted prevention, better care coordination, and education strategies based on real-world evidence.

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