# Single-Thermocouple Suspended Microfluidic Thermal Sensor with Improved Heat Retention for the Development of Multifunctional Biomedical Detection

## TL;DR

A new thermal sensor design improves heat retention and sensitivity, enabling better biomedical detection.

## Contribution

A suspended bridge MEMS structure reduces heat loss by 88.64%, enabling ultra-sensitive thermal detection.

## Key findings

- The suspended bridge structure reduces heat loss by 88.64% compared to traditional designs.
- The sensor achieves a sensitivity of 0.38 V/W and a response time under 200 ms.
- The sensor output voltage correlates strongly with input power (correlation coefficient ≈ 1.0).

## Abstract

Thermal sensors are widely used in medical, industrial and other fields, where the requirements for high sensitivity and portability continues to increase. Here we propose a suspended bridge structure fabricated using MEMS, which effectively shrinks the size and reduces heat loss. This study reviews current sensor-related theories of heat conduction, convective heat transfer and thermal radiation. Heat loss models for suspended and non-suspended bridge structures are established, and finite element analysis is conducted to evaluate their thermal performance. The thermal performance of the suspended bridge structure is further validated through infrared temperature measurements on the manufactured sensor device. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the proposed suspension bridge structure reduces heat loss by 88.64% compared with traditional designs. Benefiting from this improved heat retention, which was also confirmed by infrared thermography, the thermal sensor fabricated based on the suspension bridge structure achieves an ultra-high sensitivity of 0.38 V/W and a fast response time of less than 200 ms, indicating a high accuracy in thermal characterization. The correlation coefficient obtained for the sensor output voltage and input power of the sensor is approximately 1.0. Based on this design, multiple microfluidic channels with suspended bridge structures can be integrated to realize multi-component detection, which is important for the development of multifunctional biomedical detection.