# Autoregulation of Woven Fabric Structure: Image-Based and Regression Analysis of Structural Homogeneity Under Varying Weaving Parameters

## TL;DR

This study explores how weaving parameters affect the structural uniformity of fabrics, revealing autoregulation mechanisms that reduce local disturbances in plain and twill weaves.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a novel image-based method and regression analysis to quantify autoregulation in woven fabric structures under varying loom settings.

## Key findings

- Autoregulation reduces local structural disturbances like warp yarn grouping in woven fabrics.
- Plain weaves show autoregulation influenced by loom parameters and humidity, while twill weaves rely on internal feedback and yarn twist direction.
- Nonlinear regression models confirm autoregulation and support Nosek’s quasi-dynamic theory for fabric structures.

## Abstract

This study investigates the influence of weaving process parameters on the structural homogeneity of woven fabrics, with a focus on the structural autoregulation phenomenon. Two experimental fabric groups of 30 each, plain and twill weaves, were produced using varied loom settings: shed closure timing, lease rod position, backrest roller position, warp pre-tension, and yarn twist direction. Structural uniformity was assessed using a proprietary method and the MagFABRIC 2.1. image analysis system, which quantify intra-repeat, inter-repeat, and global inhomogeneity. This method uses the size, shape, and location of inter-thread pores as well as warp and weft pitches. The results indicate that autoregulation can reduce local structural disturbances, including warp yarn grouping. In plain weaves, loom parameters and humidity significantly contributed to structural autoregulation. In contrast, twill weaves demonstrated dominant internal feedback mechanisms, significantly influenced by yarn twist direction. Regression models at F = 10 revealed nonlinear interactions, confirming autoregulation and experimentally supporting Nosek’s quasi-dynamic theory for these types of fabrics. The results of these studies have practical relevance in high-performance textiles such as filtration, barrier fabrics, and composite reinforcements, where local structural deviations critically affect the functional properties of fabrics.