Ionic Liquid-Based Centrifuge-Less Cloud Point Extraction of a Copper(II)–4-Nitrocatechol Complex and Its Analytical Application
Denitsa Kiradzhiyska, Nikolina Milcheva, Miglena Ruzmanova, Fatma Genç, Petya Racheva, Kiril Gavazov
TL;DR
A new method for detecting copper(II) uses a cloud point extraction technique with an ionic liquid and 4-nitrocatechol, offering high sensitivity and practicality for real-world samples.
Contribution
A novel centrifuge-less cloud point extraction method using an ionic liquid and 4-nitrocatechol for copper(II) determination is introduced.
Findings
The method shows a linear response for copper(II) in the range of 32–763 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 9.7 ng mL−1.
The ternary complex (A336+)2[Cu(4NC)2] has a high molar absorption coefficient of 8.9 × 104 M−1 cm−1.
The method was successfully applied to dietary supplements, infusion solutions, and synthetic copper alloy mixtures.
Abstract
A novel centrifuge-less cloud point extraction (CL-CPE) method was developed for the spectrophotometric determination of copper(II) using 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) as the chelating agent. The extraction system utilizes a mixed micellar phase composed of the nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 and the ionic liquid (IL) Aliquat® 336 (A336). The extracted ternary ion-association complex, identified as (A336+)2[Cu(4NC)2], exhibits a maximum absorbance at 451 nm, with a molar absorption coefficient of 8.9 × 104 M−1 cm−1 and a Sandell’s sensitivity of 0.71 ng cm−2. The method demonstrates a linear response in the copper(II) concentration range of 32–763 ng mL−1 and a limit of detection of 9.7 ng mL−1. The logarithmic extraction constant (log Kex) was determined to be 7.9, indicating efficient extraction. Method performance, evaluated by the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) and the Click…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAnalytical chemistry methods development · Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications · Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography