# Unraveling TNXB Epigenetic Alterations Through Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis and Their Implications for Colorectal Cancer

## TL;DR

This study identifies TNXB as a key gene with epigenetic changes in colorectal cancer, linked to poor survival and potential clinical use.

## Contribution

The study reveals TNXB as a novel epigenetically dysregulated gene in colorectal cancer with clinical implications.

## Key findings

- 78,935 differentially methylated CpG sites were identified, showing overall hypomethylation in tumors.
- TNXB was the most epigenetically dysregulated gene, hypomethylated and downregulated in CRC.
- TNXB's epigenetic regulation is dose-dependent and associated with poor overall survival in CRC.

## Abstract

Aberrant DNA methylation has been shown to be a fingerprint characteristic in human colorectal tumors. In this study, we hypothesize that investigating global DNA methylation could offer potential candidates for clinical application in CRC. The epigenome-wide association analysis was conducted in both the tumor area (N = 27) and the adjacent tumor-free (NAT) area (N = 15). We found 78,935 differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) (FDR < 0.05), 42,888 hypomethylated and 36,047 hypermethylation showing overall hypomethylation. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis of differentially methylated genes showed significant enrichment in developmental genes, as well as in genes involved in metabolic processes and the cell cycle, such as the TFGβ and cAMP signaling pathways. Through filtered analysis, we identified TNXB as the most epigenetically dysregulated gene, hypomethylated and downregulated in CRC (both with p < 0.001) and associated with poor overall survival. In the functional analysis, TNXB was epigenetically regulated in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential role in CRC. The epigenetic dysregulation and functional role of TNXB in CRC could have clinical implications, serving as indicators of malignant potential, with adverse effects associated with disease origin and progression in CRC.