# The Singapore Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire 2021 (SPARQ 2021)—Results of Public Feedback

## TL;DR

This study evaluated the Singapore Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (SPARQ) to assess its clarity and effectiveness in identifying individuals needing medical evaluation before physical activity.

## Contribution

The study introduces public feedback-driven modifications to improve the SPARQ questionnaire's usability and understanding.

## Key findings

- 35.7% of participants would have needed medical referral based on SPARQ results.
- Four questions were found to have moderate difficulty, while one was significantly difficult to understand.
- Participants suggested changes to reduce technical jargon and question length for better clarity.

## Abstract

Introduction. Singapore had previously embraced at least two types of pre-participation questionnaires for those intending to take up or enhance their level of physical activity (PA). Concern over the usefulness of and difficulty in understanding these questions led to the design of a Singapore Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (SPARQ). The primary objective of this study was to review the level of difficulty in understanding the seven SPARQ questions. Secondary objectives included the rate of identifying individuals as unfit for PA and to seek public feedback on this tool. Method. A public, cross-sectional survey on the SPARQ was carried out, obtaining participants’ bio-characteristics, having them completing the SPARQ and then providing feedback on the individual questions. Results. Of the 1136 who completed the survey, 35.7% would have required referral to a medical practitioner for further evaluation before the intended PA. Significant difficulty was experienced with one question, moderate difficulty with four and only slight difficulty with the remaining two. The length of the questions and use of technical terms were matters of concern. Suggestions were provided by the participants on possible amendments to the questions. Conclusions. The very high acceptance rate of the SPARQ will need to be tempered with modifications to the questions to enhance ease of understanding and use by members of the public.