# Perforated appendicitis presenting as mechanical bowel obstruction in a pediatric patient: a rare diagnostic challenge

## TL;DR

A 3-year-old girl with perforated appendicitis was misdiagnosed with gastroenteritis until imaging revealed a bowel obstruction.

## Contribution

This case highlights the rare presentation of perforated appendicitis mimicking mechanical bowel obstruction in pediatric patients.

## Key findings

- Magnetic resonance imaging identified a periappendiceal abscess compressing the ileum.
- Surgical intervention confirmed perforated appendicitis with adhesions causing obstruction.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment led to successful recovery and restored bowel function.

## Abstract

Perforated appendicitis causing mechanical small-bowel obstruction is rare in pediatric patients and can mimic common gastrointestinal illnesses, delaying definitive treatment. We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with 5 days of nonbilious vomiting, diarrhea, and high-grade fever, initially managed as gastroenteritis. Ongoing abdominal distension and failed conservative management prompted plain radiographs showing dilated small-bowel loops and air–fluid levels. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging revealed a periappendiceal abscess compressing the distal ileum at a transition point. Urgent laparoscopy, converted to a minilaparotomy, confirmed a perforated appendix with dense adhesions tethering the ileum, necessitating appendectomy, adhesiolysis, and peritoneal lavage. The patient’s postoperative recovery was uneventful, with normalization of inflammatory markers and restoration of bowel function. This case highlights the importance of considering atypical appendicitis in prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms, the utility of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis, and the need for prompt surgical intervention to prevent serious complications.