Dormant No More: Traumatic Rupture of a Liver Hydatid Cyst Causing Anaphylaxis

TL;DR

A rare case of a liver hydatid cyst rupturing after a fall led to life-threatening anaphylaxis, highlighting the need for quick diagnosis and treatment.

Contribution

This case report highlights the rare and severe complication of traumatic hydatid cyst rupture leading to anaphylaxis.

Findings

Traumatic rupture of a hydatid cyst can cause anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition.

Prompt treatment with epinephrine and supportive care is crucial for patient stabilization.

This case underscores the importance of considering hydatid disease in trauma patients from endemic regions.

Abstract

Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, commonly affects the liver. Traumatic cyst rupture is rare, and when complicated by anaphylaxis, it poses a life-threatening emergency. A 33-year-old male patient presented with severe abdominal and chest pain after falling from a height. Imaging revealed multiple hepatic hydatid cysts, one of which ruptured. Shortly after the CT scan, the patient developed hypotension, erythema, pruritus, and throat tightness consistent with anaphylaxis. He was treated with epinephrine, corticosteroids, antihistamines, oxygen, and intravenous fluids, stabilized, and admitted for further care. This case illustrates a rare but serious complication of hydatid cyst rupture after trauma. Prompt recognition and interventions are essential, particularly in endemic areas.

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