Perceptions of large language models in medical education and clinical practice among pediatric emergency physicians in Saudi Arabia: a multiregional cross-sectional study

TL;DR

This study explores how pediatric emergency physicians in Saudi Arabia view AI tools like ChatGPT for medical education and clinical use, finding strong interest but concerns about safety and accuracy.

Contribution

The study provides novel insights into AI perceptions among Saudi pediatric emergency physicians, highlighting both optimism and key concerns for clinical integration.

Findings

96% of participants believe AI tools will significantly impact the future of pediatric emergency medicine.

ChatGPT-generated clinical content was rated highly for validity and educational value in a croup scenario.

Major concerns included accuracy (83%), patient safety (56%), and lack of regulatory guidance (52%).

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping healthcare delivery and education, but little is known about its perceived value among pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the perceptions and experiences of PEM physicians in Saudi Arabia toward the use of AI, particularly ChatGPT, in clinical practice and medical education.

A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted among 100 PEM physicians across various regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire explored demographics, AI experience, perceived benefits and limitations, and the evaluation of ChatGPT-generated clinical and educational content.

Most participants (96%) believed that AI tools, such as ChatGPT, would play a significant role in the future of PEM. A high agreement was observed regarding AI’s usefulness in medical education (91%) and clinical practice, particularly in differential diagnosis (77%) and documentation (78%). The ChatGPT-generated responses to a clinical scenario (croup) were rated highly for validity, reasoning, and educational value. However, 66% of them still preferred traditional textbooks for complex topics. The key concerns included accuracy (83%), patient safety (56%), and lack of regulatory guidance (52%).

Saudi PEM physicians show a strong interest in integrating AI tools, such as ChatGPT, into clinical and educational workflows. Although optimism is high, concerns about safety, ethics, and oversight highlight the need for regulatory frameworks and structured implementation strategies.

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