# The role of vaccination and healthcare acquisition in respiratory failure during a COVID-19 outbreak in an acute hospital in Wales

## TL;DR

This study examines a COVID-19 outbreak in a Welsh hospital and finds that vaccination and healthcare-acquired infections are linked to reduced odds of respiratory failure.

## Contribution

The study shows that vaccination and healthcare acquisition are associated with lower odds of severe respiratory outcomes in a hospital outbreak.

## Key findings

- Healthcare-acquired cases had decreased odds of respiratory failure (aOR 0.40).
- Vaccination reduced odds of respiratory failure (aOR 0.45).
- Vaccination in healthcare-acquired cases further reduced respiratory failure odds (OR 0.47).

## Abstract

This study provides descriptive analysis of a COVID-19 outbreak of 323 cases in a Welsh hospital in early 2021, with a focus on respiratory failure (RF) as a severe outcome. Multivariate analysis demonstrated decreased odds of RF in healthcare acquired cases (aOR 0.40 (95%CI 0.24–0.65), p<0.001) and individuals with at least one dose of vaccine 14 days before first positive test (aOR 0.45 (95%CI 0.28–0.75), p=0.002). In healthcare acquired cases, vaccination significantly reduced the odds of RF (OR 0.47 (95%CI 0.22-0.00), p=0.037). This analysis highlights the importance of vaccination as a protective factor against severe respiratory outcomes.