# Hand Eczema and Facial Skin Problems – Association with Occupational Exposures among Community Care Personnel in Sweden: A Cross-sectional Study

## TL;DR

Community care workers in Sweden face high rates of hand eczema and facial skin problems linked to frequent soap and water use and face mask wearing.

## Contribution

This study identifies specific occupational risk factors for skin problems among community care personnel in Sweden.

## Key findings

- 34.7% of workers reported hand eczema and 45.5% reported facial skin problems in the past year.
- Exposure to soap and water and prolonged face mask use showed dose-dependent associations with skin issues.
- Female sex, stress, atopic dermatitis, and younger age were linked to both hand and facial skin problems.

## Abstract

Hand eczema and facial skin problems are common occupational-related skin diseases. However, the data regarding care workers in community care settings are limited. To assess the prevalence and factors associated with hand eczema and facial skin problems among community care personnel, an online questionnaire link was sent to 10,194 personnel in Sweden, with questions regarding hygiene routines, skin problems, and demographics of the participants. Respondents were categorized into groups regarding their skin symptoms. In all, 1,923 (18.9%) responded (89.8% females; 75.9% assistant nurses and care assistants). The 1-year prevalence of hand eczema and facial skin problems was 34.7% and 45.5%, respectively. Dose-dependent associations were found between occupational exposure to soap and water and hand eczema, and duration of face mask use and facial problems. Also, a higher perceived level of stress, female sex, atopic dermatitis, and lower age group were associated with both hand eczema and facial skin problems. In conclusion, healthcare workers in community care have an increased risk of occupationally related skin symptoms, foremost hand eczema, but also facial symptoms related to the use of face masks. Thus, efforts to reduce the harmful effects from the risk factors should be the main concern.

Work-related hand eczema and facial skin problems are of concern not only in healthcare workers but also in community care workers. Occupational exposure to soap, water, and face masks is significant, dose-dependent factors contributing to these issues. Efforts should be directed at reducing the harmful effects of hygiene procedures and protective equipment both in community care and healthcare work to ensure the well-being of those dedicated to caring for others.