# Prognostic value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

**Authors:** 召云 刘, 祥鸿 赵, 惠 刘, 凯 丁, 凤平 彭, 凤娟 姜, 蓉 付

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20240830-00329 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2025-06-01

## TL;DR

This study shows that analyzing specific blood lymphocyte types can help predict outcomes for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.

## Contribution

A novel lymphocyte-based immune risk score and nomogram were developed to predict survival in multiple myeloma patients.

## Key findings

- The immune risk score had an AUC of 0.737 and significantly predicted 3-year OS rates (87.4% vs. 49.0%).
- The nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.793 and accurately stratified patient risk groups.
- High-risk immune scores remained significant in patients with MRD-negative status (100% vs. 68.6% 3-year OS).

## Abstract

探索外周血淋巴细胞亚群在初治多发性骨髓瘤（NDMM）患者中的预后价值。

回顾性分析2017—2022年天津医科大学总医院收治的NDMM患者133例，通过LASSO回归从外周血淋巴细胞亚群中筛选预测亚群，通过受试者工作特征曲线分析计算最佳截断值，基于多因素分析结果构建列线图，通过一致性指数和校准曲线评估列线图的预测性能。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和秩和检验比较免疫风险评分高危与低危组患者总生存（OS）期和无进展生存（PFS）期的差异。

通过LASSO回归筛选出CD16+CD56+ NK细胞的百分比和绝对计数、CD3+ T淋巴细胞、CD3+CD8+ T淋巴细胞、CD3- CD19+ B淋巴细胞的绝对计数作为预测亚群，根据各淋巴细胞亚群系数计算NDMM患者的免疫风险评分，免疫风险评分的曲线下面积为0.737，最佳截断值为−1.834，据此将患者分为高危组和低危组。生存分析显示，免疫风险评分高危与低危组患者的3年OS率差异有统计学意义（87.4％对49.0％，P<0.001），且在微小残留病阴性患者中，免疫风险评分高危与低危组患者3年OS率的差异有统计学意义（100％对68.6％，P＝0.001）。多因素分析显示，血清钙（P＝0.034）、高危细胞遗传学异常（P＝0.002）和免疫风险评分（P<0.001）为NDMM患者的预后影响因素，以此构建列线图。列线图的一致性指数为0.793，校准曲线显示其预测能力良好，列线图可以对不同预后分期系统的危险度进行精准划分。

外周血淋巴细胞亚群联合分析对于判断NDMM患者的预后具有重要价值。

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** multiple myeloma (MONDO:0009693)

## Full text

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## Figures

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## References

40 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12337222/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12337222