# Mpox in the Middle East and North Africa: Containment, Prevention, and Future Measures

## TL;DR

This editorial discusses the mpox outbreak in the Middle East and North Africa, emphasizing the need for containment strategies and improved public health measures.

## Contribution

The paper proposes a practical containment blueprint for mpox in the region, focusing on vaccination and regional cooperation.

## Key findings

- Mpox presents atypical clinical symptoms but is diagnosed through oral lesions and rash.
- Men, especially those with immunocompromising conditions, are disproportionately affected.
- Third-generation vaccines and regional collaboration are key to effective containment.

## Abstract

Mpox has emerged as a global concern and warrants a global response. This editorial argues that the Middle East and North Africa region sits at a precarious intersection of strained health systems and porous borders. Clinical presentation is increasingly atypical, yet painful oral lesions and rash remain diagnostic anchors. Disproportionate burden among men, particularly those with intersecting immunocompromising conditions, underscores both behavioral and biological vulnerabilities. First-generation vaccinia stockpiles offer interim protection, but third-generation non-replicating vaccines, paired with strategic deployment, promise safer, longer-lasting immunity for genetically diverse communities. Real-time prevention capacity, transparent risk communication, regional antiviral mutual-aid pacts, and targeted vaccination of frontline workers and high-risk groups constitute a practical containment blueprint. Policymakers can avert an avoidable crisis by translating these evidence-based measures into pre-emptive action - before the next zoonotic roll of the dice - and by working in collaboration with other regional and international stakeholders.