# Pesticide threshold weighing indicator: application in the State of Paraná, Brazil

**Authors:** Viviane Serra Melanda, Humberto Cereser Ibañez, Henrique Aparecido Laureano, Luíza Siqueira Lima, Bonald Cavalcante Figueiredo, Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira, Viviane Serra Melanda, Humberto Cereser Ibañez, Henrique Aparecido Laureano, Luíza Siqueira Lima, Bonald Cavalcante Figueiredo, Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira

PMC · DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720250045 · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia (Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology) · 2025-08-08

## TL;DR

The paper introduces a new indicator to assess pesticide risks in drinking water using data from Paraná, Brazil, to support public health and water quality management.

## Contribution

The novel Pesticide Threshold Weighting Indicator (iPLA) effectively evaluates pesticide concentrations in drinking water for public health surveillance.

## Key findings

- The iPLA explained over 77% of variability in pesticide risk assessments.
- Maximum Permissible Value (MPV) was the most weighted variable in the iPLA.
- The iPLA's risk categories help identify local drinking water risks and guide public health actions.

## Abstract

To analyze data from the Information System for Monitoring the Quality of Water for Human Consumption (Sisagua) to develop an environmental health indicator that assesses the risk of pesticide residues in drinking water.

This is an ecological epidemiological study using retrospective data. Information on the Limit of Detection (LOD), Limit of Quantification (LOQ), and Maximum Permissible Value (MPV) of pesticide residues in drinking water, recorded by municipalities in the state of Paraná between 2014 and 2020, was analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistical approaches were employed, including tests of association, correlation, and hypothesis testing, as well as probability analysis, through spatial and temporal analyses.

A Pesticide Threshold Weighting Indicator (iPLA) was developed, with an explanatory capacity of variability greater than 77%. The risk-attributable variable was mainly related to the MPV, which received the highest weighting, while the LOD and LOQ were assigned lower weights.

The iPLA demonstrated the ability to represent pesticide concentration levels in drinking water. The risk categories defined by the indicator - controlled, silent, and alert - represent a highly useful tool for public health surveillance, as they enable the identification of local drinking water risk levels to human health. Moreover, the iPLA supports public management in implementing control actions and improvements in the quality of water for human consumption.

Analisar os dados do Sistema de Informação da Vigilância da Qualidade da Água para Consumo Humano (Sisagua) para desenvolver um indicador de saúde ambiental que avalie o risco de resíduos de agrotóxicos na água potável.

Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico ecológico, com dados retrospectivos. Foram analisadas informações sobre o limite de detecção (LD), limite de quantificação (LQ) e valor máximo permitido (VMP) de resíduos de agrotóxicos em água potável registradas pelos municípios do estado do Paraná no período de 2014 a 2020. Foram aplicadas abordagens de estatística descritiva e inferencial, incluindo testes de associação, correlação, hipóteses e probabilidade, por meio de análises espaciais e temporais.

Foi desenvolvido um indicador de ponderação de limiar de agrotóxico (iPLA), com capacidade explicativa de variabilidade superior a 77%. A variável atribuível de risco está relacionada principalmente ao VMP, que recebeu maior peso, enquanto o LD e o LQ foram atribuídos com menor peso.

O iPLA demonstrou capacidade de representar os níveis de concentração de agrotóxicos na água potável. As categorias de risco definidas pelo indicador - controlado, silencioso e atenção - configuram-se uma ferramenta de grande utilidade para a vigilância em saúde, pois possibilitam o reconhecimento do nível de risco da água potável local à saúde humana. Além disso, o iPLA permite que a gestão pública implemente ações de controle e melhoria da qualidade da água para consumo humano.

## Full-text entities

- **Chemicals:** Water (MESH:D014867), iPLA (-)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

4 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12333892/full.md

## References

26 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12333892/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12333892