Correction: Oral alkalinizing supplementation suppressed intrarenal reactive oxidative stress in mild-stage chronic kidney disease: a randomized cohort study

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Correction: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology (2024) 28:1134–1154 10.1007/s10157-024-02517-3

In Table 2, the unit for “UAE” was incorrectly stated as “g/gCr.” The correct unit should be “mg/gCr”, and the median value for “UAE” in SB was misreported as “17.9” but should actually be “24.0”.

Additionally, in Table 4, the unit for “UAE” was incorrectly listed as “mg/gCr.” While the numerical values of the UAE level were reported accurately, the correct unit is “mg/L.” The original article has now been corrected.

Here is the revised versions of Table 2 and Table 4:Table 2. Basal characteristics of physiological findings and blood and urine examination on renal function0wALLStandardSBSPCp valuenMedianIQ range (Q1, Q3)nMedianIQ range (Q1, Q3)nMedianIQ range (Q1, Q3)nMedianIQ range (Q1, Q3)Number95313232Sex (female)331011110.9944Age, years old956555–703165.058, 683265.052.3, 703264.056.5, 70.80.9947 ≥ 65517067, 73186866, 74.3177067, 72167167, 740.3817Physical findings Body Height, cm95163.5158.5, 16931163.3155.1, 168.232163.7159.2, 169.431163.2158.9, 169.40.8287 Body Weight, kg9571.559.8, 81.53172.955, 79.63271.458.6, 83.03269.060.2, 82.50.8842 BMI9526.322.8, 29.53126.223.7, 29.13226.923.7, 30.23226.022.2, 30.00.7373 SBP, mmHg95128119, 13931128.0117, 14231132.0123, 14332126.0115, 134.50.1698 DBP, mmHg958070, 873182.078, 863177.069, 883274.068.3, 85.30.2371 Pulse, bpm955066, 803170.064, 793172.066, 843276.068, 790.5458Blood examinations WBC, × 10^3^/uL955.94.8, 7315.74.8, 6.5326.25.1, 7325.84.6, 7.40.715 RBC, × 10^6^/uL954.624.3, 5314.64.4, 5.2324.64.3, 4.9324.74.1, 5.20.5986 Hb, g.dL9514.213.4, 15.53114.213.7, 15.43214.213.4, 15.13214.412.6, 16.40.9823 Ht, %9542.539.9, 46.43142.840.6, 46.63241.639.7, 45.33243.637.4, 47.30.7084 Plt, 10^3^/uL95212189, 26231229.0191, 26832220.5191, 269.532200.0174.5, 240.50.0968 Reticulocyte, ‰ 911.41.2, 1.7291.41.2, 1.4301.51.3, 2321.41.2, 1.60.9648 BUN, mg/dL951715, 223119.015, 233216.014.3, 203216.514.3, 220.3432 Cr, mg/dL951.010.84, 1.20311.010.81, 1.43320.990.8, 1.13321.030.91, 1.220.5798 UA, mg/dL955.95, 6.8316.25, 6.9325.45, 6.65326.05.15, 6.80.4244 TP, g/dL947.26.9, 7.5317.27.0, 7.5327.27.0, 7.4327.16.9, 7.70.7828 Alb, g/dL944.24.1, 4.4314.24.0, 4.4314.24.1, 4.4324.14.1, 4.40.5699 Na, mEq/L95140139, 14131139.0138, 14132140.5139.3, 14132140.0139.3, 1420.1297 K, mEq/L954.34.1, 4.6314.44.2, 4.6324.34, 4.4324.34.1, 4.60.1103 Cl, mEq/L95104103, 10631104102, 10732104103, 10532105104, 106.80.0237 Ca, mg/dL959.39.1, 9.6319.29.0, 9.6329.49.1, 9.6329.39.0, 9.60.912 IP, mg/dL953.22.8, 3.6313.22.7, 3.6323.22.8, 3.6323.43.0, 3.70.4157 Glucose9510696, 11831104.092, 12132107.596.3, 12232106.597, 1150.7006 HbA1cNGS945.95.7, 6.2316.05.7, 6.2315.95.6, 6.2325.95.6, 6.20.8734 HCO3-, mEq/L9424.8523.5, 26.53125.424.2, 26.93125.423.5, 26.83224.223.2, 26.20.1864 aBE, mEq/L890.1-1, 1.15300.3-0.75, 1.25300.4-0.63, 1.5329-0.3-1.7, 0.730.0616 eGFR-Cr, mL/min/1.73m^2^9555.2243.27–63.43154.838.0, 64.73255.846.9, 64.83256.143.3, 61.50.6587Urine examinations UpH935.835.48–6.19315.75.4, 6.2325.95.5, 6.3325.95.5, 6.20.715 UP, g/gCr910.10.03, 0.23310.10.05, 0.18310.10.05, 0.25310.10.05, 0.320.9318 UAE, mg/gCr9124.47.1, 159.73118.78, 111.82924.05.3, 175.93142.97.1, 301.40.7814Health QOL SF89415.513–193116.012, 193214.511.5, 193116.014, 200.8687^^p < 0.0167 for the significanceIQ Internal quartile; Q1 first quartile; Q3 third quartile; BMI body mass index; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; WBC white blood cell; RBC red blood cell; Hb hemoglobin; Ht hematocrit; Plt platelet; BUN blood urea nitrogen; Cr creatinine; UA uric acid; TP total protein; Alb albumin; aBE actual base excess; eGFR-Cr estimated creatinine glomerular filtration rate of creatinine; UpH urinary pH; UP proteinuria; UAE urinary excretion of albuminTable 4Outcomes of secondary endpoints of urinary surrogate markers of each visitBaseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEsCrg/gLStandard1.0890.340.061.0960.3160.0561.0870.3340.0591.130.3510.0621.2320.1940.0971.1320.1300.075p value*, vs. baseline0.2690.64110.54180.0560.7452SB0.9940.2390.0421.0010.2190.0360.9920.2350.0410.9810.2370.0410.9870.1270.0480.9690.0980.044p value*, vs. baseline0.16750.54730.19380.74370.3394PCSC1.0540.2460.0431.0980.2650.0481.0670.2390.0461.0750.2510.0481.0610.1710.0541.0790.1740.058p value*, vs. baseline0.06120.51280.38440.79710.557p value among 3 groups0.18170.31210.09890.07720.1176p value by ANOVA0.0166baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YmeanSDSEmeanSDSEmeanSDSEmeanSDSEmeanSDSEmeanSDSEeGFR-CrmL/min/1.73 m^2^Standard53.9415.062.6652.8713.842.4254.2516.452.9152.0116.052.8447.929.0004.551.815.1272.96p value*, vs. baseline0.77810.76270.41220.04020.9234SB57.5313.652.3856.2712.642.0558.0515.752.7258.1213.642.3556.636.6672.5256.84.6962.1p* value*, vs. baseline0.88180.61860.32740.26910.4118PCSC53.4110.781.8851.9512.852.353.2412.112.2352.7511.512.155.228.6012.7251.077.0802.36p value*, vs. baseline0.15020.87170.5390.24870.142p value among 3 groups0.33090.38170.15330.24060.1551p value by ANOVA0.0420Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUPg/gCrStandard0.2710.5770.10.3310.80.140.330.7290.130.3670.7310.130.1920.0740.070.2410.0660.09p* value*, vs. baseline0.1310.25380.05940.63690.3713SB0.2520.4180.070.310.5450.090.3590.6050.110.4210.6970.120.1620.0870.050.2564.0010.06p value*, vs. baseline0.08830.12320.01390.72510.0555PCSC0.3060.5090.090.2720.5140.090.280.5270.090.2870.4860.090.1980.0040.050.2410.0680.07p* value*, vs. baseline0.43070.64650.6780.0061*0.0186p* value among 3 groups0.92340.84630.64630.87430.9841p value by ANOVA0.2443Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUaMGmg/LStandard4.03655.7311.01263.81675.7041.02394.710.7871.93644.357.9321.44155.93335.5562.62063.96672.8451.3411p* value*, vs. baseline0.46710.33360.43060.91920.6227SB3.16252.8080.48863.60373.6850.6963.6713.6680.64823.89683.4090.60241.43330.2520.11862.46672.0210.9526p value*, vs. baseline0.18840.24110.18260.09890.8221PCSC3.30943.8700.67342.52332.5090.45052.72072.9010.52942.85862.8290.51625.585.8872.35482.321.2640.5055p value*, vs. baseline0.23520.38840.50580.33670.243p value among 3 groups0.28890.380.3330.05090.5169p value by ANOVA0.1067Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEU4Colμg/gCrStandard3.69354.6610.82944.50837.0191.26833.49332.8820.52162.85321.5670.29161.8250.7720.334210.513.776.4912p* value*, vs. baseline0.30170.8350.3750.12090.2724SB3.08912.0910.37453.21111.7840.34923.21.9870.36113.29161.7420.32573.68332.1350.74663.8251.2260.5366p value*, vs. baseline0.35080.43640.99380.5770.2459PCSC2.85943.6530.6432.30671.5540.28422.42931.1690.2253.0693.1410.58592.851.7410.56322.49386.6010.4074p value*, vs. baseline0.40010.50050.80530.99080.5989p value among 3 groups0.04980.0620.6050.04210.0744p value by ANOVA0.0460Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEmUpHStandard5.85810.5450.09635.91120.5110.091666.05030.6060.10895.91870.5510.097415.42630.6410.27725.81330.9110.4295p* value*, vs. baseline0.42540.9590.09430.01710.2856SB5.95310.5050.08796.00440.5620.10626.31190.5520.097516.3210.5070.089596.3050.1680.15336.42750.4270.08384p* value*, vs. baseline0.41280.27740.93350.97450.9375PCSC5.88250.4320.07536.04970.5130.092116.08280.5560.10146.23550.5720.10456.2260.5940.17136.33670.5930.1865p value*, vs. baseline0.0940.08430.0102*0.06570.0385p* value among 3 groups0.55660.13590.00780.0190.3544p* value by ANOVA0.4020Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUAEmg/LStandard103.37282.9549.99106.42291.4952.32128.14384.8369.08147.57352.2462.24p* value*, vs. baseline0.36360.15190.0739SB43.09452.849.19470.915119.1622.5125.74270.1347.7398.136210.3937.17p value*, vs. baseline0.09280.03250.0687PCSC102.93198.0234.4685.953204.0936.6475.11216.5338.8577.272237.9543.42p* value*, vs. baseline0.37460.35240.4138p value among 3 groups0.80290.64870.651p value by ANOVA0.4199Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUNAGU/LStandard4.33873.1080.54923.973.5260.63313.582.5790.46613.68712.8180.5007p* value*, vs. baseline0.43880.09190.2129SB4.3753.6230.6335.54814.9230.92975.89356.4411.13915.34844.7780.8442p value*, vs. baseline0.45090.46820.6046PCSC3.14382.4420.42883.474.4070.7813.76213.9860.72863.61033.8940.7128p value*, vs. baseline0.670.39110.5021p value among 3 groups0.21420.17030.2001p value by ANOVA0.1665Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUNGALng/mLStandard9.025814.472.55678.1511.532.07046.97337.751.39116.59038.731.5432p* value*, vs. baseline0.41930.40060.2771SB16.090627.464.778218.248133.696.36317.932.715.780514.483927.974.9431p value*, vs. baseline0.95490.65880.4712PCSC7.693810.311.795110.156720.843.74217.786210.231.86688.589713.042.3808p value*, vs. baseline0.53480.96010.695p value among 3 groups0.31230.1860.2828p value by ANOVA0.8242Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUKIM-1pg/mLStandard1571.111434.81253.511522.951523.47273.471269.691204.98216.31399.251468.53259.47p* value*, vs. baseline0.89290.18870.4986SB1385.021074.02186.871627.361374.92259.661587.271492.82263.761519.191217.95215.19p value*, vs. baseline0.24460.67750.6962PCSC1404.711076.11187.231323.09804.29144.371465.631152.16210.231424.421095.55199.9p value*, vs. baseline0.640.78010.9166p value among 3 groups0.54160.62820.9241p value by ANOVA0.4075Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEULFABPng/mLStandard4.41618.8391.56533.33235.7421.0345.219715.2822.74575.098411.3972.0162p* value*, vs. baseline0.99190.31110.228SB2.47722.5690.45042.92372.620.50013.746.2241.10222.92873.7750.669p value*, vs. baseline0.27390.09740.2375PCSC3.08127.7041.34351.98172.2770.41551.77031.4880.27611.77171.6020.2939p value*, vs. baseline0.42330.33450.3314p value among 3 groups0.2370.10930.0888p value by ANOVA0.1894Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEManSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEU8IsoPng/mgCrStandard5.00712.4050.4254.5951.9070.34244.83832.0360.36565.00232.6420.46683.1625 (4)†2.2601.13025.8000 (3)†2.2601.305p* value*, vs. baseline0.40180.31160.68320.8750.3907SB4.95192.5450.44294.68631.720.32494.59872.1870.38644.71941.7550.31015.1770 (7)†2.0950.79176.9180 (5)†2.0950.9367p value*, vs. baseline0.62570.16490.98330.46090.8125PCSC5.32942.3710.41255.31932.9570.53095.72792.6570.4925.10662.4740.45145.4390 (10)†4.7081.48896.4756 (9)†3.8871.2958p value*, vs. baseline0.97790.26170.50170.32230.0814p value among 3 groups0.49920.18290.74520.40120.8148p value by ANOVA0.7697Baseline6W12W6 M1Y2YMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEU8OHdGng/mgCrStandard5.96132.6790.47345.782.7260.48945.95332.6590.47745.34841.9450.34385.1750 (4)†2.4901.24495.4333 (3)†2.4901.4375p* value*, vs. baseline0.4430.25750.769911SB5.66251.8320.31886.17042.530.47796.10651.8050.3195.66452.2630.39984.1857 (7)†2.0930.7914.8200 (5)†2.0930.936p value*, vs. baseline0.03930.06030.11040.17970.375PCSC7.35003.1510.54826.78672.8620.51386.62763.6090.65876.5692.1690.39584.6600 (10)†1.3570.4294.7333 (9)†1.1210.3738p* value*, vs. baseline0.18010.20040.04810.0020.0137p* value among 3 groups0.36290.70090.06230.81480.8943p value by ANOVA0.2948Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUTGFbng/mLStandard0.007530.00430.00460.000310.00090.000210.000230.00080.0002220.001460.00330.00113p* value*, vs. baseline0.28240.56930.604SB0.000820.00250.00060.0020.00160.001130.001140.00050.0005880.001360.00070.00073p value*, vs. baseline0.5710.14530.3348PCSC0.005250.00300.00310.004330.00210.002160.001070.00270.0005580.002290.00110.00118p value*, vs. baseline0.7990.15910.3963p value among 3 groups0.06780.16980.7939p value by ANOVA0.1740Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUET1pg/mLStandard0.12390.19600.04610.12860.16310.036440.10380.18210.041710.079650.10540.02481p* value*, vs. baseline0.69980.88920.1568SB0.15820.24350.05190.24350.54560.11370.23360.54010.1150.34030.58150.1368p value*, vs. baseline0.38470.35170.5435PCSC0.11770.16500.03440.10320.11230.02450.09040.12800.026460.20590.29330.0672p value*, vs. baseline0.68430.45110.2415p value among 3 groups0.44060.47670.0469p* value by ANOVA0.4058Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUANGng/mLStandard13.65426.99394.845615.350728.10115.127513.197132.63086.055518.672339.46647.0844p* value*, vs. baseline0.79240.54660.1467SB10.38318.02351.39613.776715.15462.86219.925533.53715.925518.012924.36734.3053p value*, vs. baseline0.57010.06310.0623PCSC16.387230.13095.242616.750335.62516.394912.952825.07014.505213.159727.62465.0405p value*, vs. baseline0.93530.43060.4692p value among 3 groups0.8980.61160.7206p value by ANOVA0.2707Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUMCP-1pg/mLStandard241.71554.00398.478165.78200.62736.8316153.73116.65122.3639151.47127.30623.8708p* value*, vs. baseline0.16020.26440.2972SB179.12130.29923.205193.84159.05529.0447182.61141.00125.4446207.32165.53229.6038p value*, vs. baseline0.72420.8260.5719PCSC154.43111.53120.761185.27254.63546.349166.13150.86928.631159.98106.64620.5352p value*, vs. baseline0.39910.69350.8266p value among 3 groups0.83560.69560.3038p value by ANOVA0.8575Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUIL-6pg/mLStandard2.45414.08160.72122.66556.24751.12151.93812.64430.47472.81186.36691.1249p* value*, vs. baseline0.65330.93280.589SB2.95935.77371.00463.28794.98730.94193.23094.73390.83643.26955.07580.8968p value*, vs. baseline0.58410.33860.5349PCSC2.22524.75830.82792.01332.96220.53171.63731.75030.31431.89742.37750.4338p value*, vs. baseline0.78230.43970.7197p value among 3 groups0.48070.20240.3346p value by ANOVA0.8900Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEUAldong/mLStandard4.45163.54640.64814.89335.21790.94653.26672.20010.41253.99033.91840.7021p* value*, vs. baseline0.39980.08780.3357SB3.33123.53490.63163.68893.38870.6593.54524.59620.83223.19352.46450.453p value*, vs. baseline0.47230.79890.4922PCSC4.34.38880.77963.91332.84220.52744.78285.07900.93864.9695.78421.0698p value*, vs. baseline0.59860.55140.4844p value among 3 groups0.56610.33640.2545p value by ANOVA0.3044Baseline6W12W6 MMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEMeanSDSEULacnmol/μLStandard0.1230.09680.01710.11880.07770.013950.011840.07900.014190.11070.08540.0151p value*, vs. baseline0.33740.20610.0221SB0.14690.11430.01990.19350.24450.046180.13650.07770.013730.16810.16650.02942p* value*, vs. baseline0.53180.16030.3511PCSC0.10270.06110.01060.11940.09310.016720.13520.12890.023190.15660.11460.02092p value*, vs. baseline0.13670.1240.0016p* value among 3 groups0.29320.62650.0898p value by ANOVA0.1744Values were described mean, standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE). The significance of comparison vs. baseline was p < 0.05, and the significance of comparison among the three groups and ANOVA were **p < 0.0167SB sodium bicarbonate; PCSC potassium citrate/sodium citrate; sCr serum creatinine; eGFR-Cr estimated creatinine glomerular filtration rate; UP proteinuria; UaMG urinary excretion of alfa1-microglobulin; U4Col urinary excretion of type-IV collagen; mUpH early morning urinary pH; UAE urinary excretion of albumin; UNAG urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase; UNGAL urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; UKIM-1 urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1; ULFABP urinary excretion of L-type fatty acid binding protein; U8IsoP urinary excretion of 8-isoprostane; U8OHdG urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; UTGFb urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta; UET-1 urinary excretion of endotherin-1; UANG urinary excretion of angiotensinogen; UMCP-1 urinary excretion of monocyte chemotactic protein-1; UIL-6 urinary excretion of interleukin-6; UAldo urinary excretion of aldosterone; ULac urinary excretion of lactate(N)†; Number of patients at 1Y and 2Y for the long-term study