# Beyond Boundaries: Metastasis of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma to the Kidney

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of cervical cancer metastasizing to the kidney, highlighting the importance of thorough clinical evaluation.

## Contribution

The study documents an exceptionally rare metastatic pattern of cervical squamous cell carcinoma to the kidney.

## Key findings

- Cervical squamous cell carcinoma metastasized to the kidney in a patient with prior treatment.
- Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the metastasis.
- The case emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary evaluation in unusual clinical presentations.

## Abstract

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an aggressive gynecological malignancy that commonly metastasizes to the lungs, liver, and bones; renal involvement is extremely rare. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of high-grade cervical SCC, treated a decade earlier with hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, who recently presented with right flank pain and hematuria. Imaging revealed a mass involving the bladder and right distal ureter causing hydronephrosis. She underwent a cystoscopy with right ureteral stenting and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT). Intraoperative examination revealed a mass in the right lateral vaginal wall.

Histopathological examination of the TURBT specimen revealed invasive high-grade non-papillary SCC infiltrating the bladder wall, with sparing of the urothelial mucosa. Immunohistochemistry confirmed human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated, Grade 3 (poorly differentiated) recurrent cervical SCC.

A dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan demonstrated a non-functioning right kidney, and due to recurrent infections, she underwent a robotic-assisted right nephrectomy. Pathological examination of the renal specimen confirmed metastatic cervical SCC. This case illustrates a rare metastatic pathway of cervical cancer and underscores the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation in complex clinical presentations.