# Multi-domain destructuring in the early phases of psychosis: a multicentric phenomenological and psychometric case-control study

## TL;DR

This study compares early-onset psychosis symptoms in adolescents and adults, finding more severe symptoms in younger patients.

## Contribution

The study identifies distinct symptom patterns in early-onset psychosis using psychometric tools, highlighting unique clinical features.

## Key findings

- Early-onset psychosis patients showed significantly higher intensity of psychotic symptoms compared to other groups.
- Anxiety and depressive symptoms were more severe in the early-onset psychosis subgroup.
- Elevated scores on non-psychosis scales suggest broader clinical features in early-onset cases.

## Abstract

The study aims to evaluate symptomatic differences through psychometric tools comparing patients in the early stages of psychotic development with those exhibiting a more established symptomatology. Our hypothesis was that the early phase in adolescent patients is accompanied by quantitatively and qualitatively distinct symptomatology compared to adults.

We assessed 116 participants–consisting of 14 to 65 years old patients with psychotic or mood symptoms–using psychometric tools and a clinical interview. The tools explored psychotic, depressive and anxiety dimensions, to provide a multifaceted assessment of the recruited individuals and help at categorizing them into diagnostic subclasses.

We compared patients with psychotic symptoms (early-onset and lifetime) to patients with mood disorders (unipolar depression or bipolar disorder without psychotic symptoms). Psychotic symptoms intensity was significantly higher in the early-onset group compared to the lifetime group and was markedly greater than in the two other groups. It was also observed that the intensity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the psychosis group were significantly higher in the early-onset subgroup.

Our findings suggest that the clinical presentation of early-onset patients, typically striking in its symptomatology, is reflected by elevated scores on scales not routinely used for psychotic symptoms. This may be attributed to the pervasive destructuring of personality and reality characteristic of early psychotic experiences.