# Dermoscopic Features and Their Association With Breslow Thickness of Facial Lentigo Maligna in Koreans: A Multi‐Center Retrospective Study

## TL;DR

This study identifies dermoscopic features linked to Breslow thickness in Korean patients with lentigo maligna and melanoma, helping guide treatment decisions.

## Contribution

The study provides the first detailed analysis of dermoscopic features associated with Breslow thickness in East Asian patients with LM/LMM.

## Key findings

- Blue–white veil, red rhomboids, and linear vessels are strongly associated with Breslow thickness > 1 mm in LMM.
- A predictive model based on dermoscopic features achieved high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.964).
- Common dermoscopic patterns include asymmetrical pigmented follicular openings and annular–granular patterns.

## Abstract

Owing to the rarity of lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) in East Asians, their dermoscopic features are underreported. The prognosis and management of LM and LMM depend on the Breslow thickness (BT). However, the association between BT and the dermoscopic features of LMM is largely unknown.

To report the dermoscopic features of LM/LMM in Koreans and analyze the association between BT and dermoscopic findings of LMM.

This retrospective study included 46 patients with facial LM/LMM (32 patients had ≤ 1 mm BT and 14 had > 1 mm) collected from three tertiary hospitals in Korea. The frequency of each dermoscopic feature of LM/LMM was assessed according to the BT. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between certain dermoscopic patterns and BT in patients with LM/LMM.

Observed dermoscopic patterns in Korean patients with LM/LMM included asymmetrical pigmented follicular openings (100%), asymmetry of the overall shape (97.8%), annular–granular pattern (95.7%), dark rhomboids (95.7%), blotches (78.3%), polychromy (45.7%), blue–white veil (41.3%), thin brown network (36.4%), regression structures (19.6%), and fingerprint pattern (8.7%). Milky‐red areas (32.6%), red rhomboids (26.1%), linear vessels (21.7%), arborizing vessels (8.7%), dotted vessels (2.2%), and hairpin vessels (2.2%) were also observed. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that a blue–white veil (odds ratio [OR], 42.895; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.878–979.565), red rhomboids (OR, 13.666; 95% CI, 1.070–174.552), and linear vessels (OR, 18.823; 95% CI, 1.357–261.107) were significantly associated with LMM with a BT of > 1 mm. The predictive model (range: 0–7) had a reliable diagnostic value (area under the curve = 0.964).

This study provides an in‐depth analysis of the dermoscopic features of LM/LMM in East Asian patients. Preoperative dermoscopy, which provides BT information, may help determine the appropriate management of LMM.